Wire-dba wing block



Patented July 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES STANLEY PUSHALSKI, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

WIRE-DRAWING BLOCK.

Application filed June 20, 1927. Serial No. 199,958.

This invention relates to wire drawing blocks and similar articles, and while not limited thereto, relates more particularly to multiple deck drawing blocks, and has for its object the provision of a block of this class having a novel construction including a novel form of fixed wearing'ring whereby wire of different reductions can be drawn on the same block. 1

Heretofore drawing blocks of the class of this invention haie employed removable wearing rings with straight faces which makes the diameter of the rings correct for only one particular percentage of reduction since a straight ring of the wrong diameter will cause breakage and slippage of the wire on the ring. Slip wearing rings have also been employed on wire drawing blocks but slip rings will not function like the fixed rings of this invention, since the ring will slip rather than the wire and, therefore, the

advantage of the varying thicknesses o1 the ring are not had.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a drawing block constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line III1 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a top plan of one of the wear ing rings.

Figure 4 is a section through a slightly modified shape'of ring.

Referring more particularly to thedrawings, the letter A designates the lower deck of the block, and the letter B designates the upper deck.

The lower deck A consists of a central spindle receiving portion 2, a web portion 3, drum portion at, and a base flange portion 5. v

The upper deck B or take-up ortion of the block comprises a spindle receiving portion 6, a web portion 7, base flange 8 andya take-up drum 9. a

The upper deckB has a plurality of diametrically opposite grooved vertically disposed webs 12 extending radially from the spindle receivin portion 6 to the drum 9. The grooves in the webs 12 which are designated by the numeral 13 extend or open through the drum 9 and form passageways for strip ing mechanism (not shown nor described? w The upper or top deck B is removably secured to the bottom or lower deck A by bolts 15.

The drum portion 4 of the lower deck is provided with a wearing metallic ring 16 which has its top and bottom edges provided with vertical flanges 17 adapted to project lnto grooves 18 and 19 in the top face of the base flange 5 and the lower face of the web 7 of the lower and top decks, respectively, so that the rings will be fixedly clamped in position when the decks A and B are bolted together.

The wearing or outer side face of the ring 16 is either formed tapered or beveled inwardly from each edge toward its center as shown in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings, or. formed concave as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings. Veal-ing rings formed as described above permit wire of various reductions to be drawn on the same block, since the wire is relieved by the taper-of the ring thus facilitating slippage and prevent ing breakage of the wire.

Tlhe rings 16 may be formed from any metal. However, rings formed from centrifugally cast bronze are particularly suitable for this purpose.

It will be understood that while I have described my invention as pertaining to wire drawing blocks it is not limited to such use, but is applicable to blocks for drawing rods and the like also, and the term wire as used throughout this specification and claim is meant to also include rods and other si1nilar articles.

I claima A wire drawing block composed of two parts arranged one above the other and rigidly bolted together, each of said parts having a wire receiving drum formed thereon, circular grooves formed in opposite faces of said parts, said lower wire receiving drum being provided with a continuous onepiece removable metallic wearing ring, vertically extending flanges on the edge faces of said ring extending into said grooves whereby said ring is fixedly clamped be tween the parts of said block, and said ring having its wire receiving face constantly tapered inwardly from each edge toward its Y center.

STANLEY PUSHALSKI.

July 3, 1928.

1,675,823 L. M. POTTS r TELEGRAPH 'IRANSMI'I'TER Filed Dec. 1. 1924 2 snets-sheet 1.

Mrmiar low/5M P0273:

July 3, 1928. 1,675,823

L. M. POTTS TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER Filed Dec. 1, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 3, 1928.

[UNITED STATES PATENT .OFFICE T Louis M. Forms, on TENAFLY, NEW JERSEY, Assrenon. TO WESTERN ELECTRIC COM- IANY, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER.

This invention relates to signaling systems but more particularly to signal transmitting apparatus especially suitable for usein connection with. high speed telegraph circuits.

It has been found that the lVheatstone type of transmitter usually. employed on submarine cables is unsuitable for use at speeds which may now be obtained on continuously loaded cables. One of the chief diiiiculties encountered in operating this particular type of transmitter at highspeeds is the failure of the contacts which are moved reciprocally, to resume a position of restbefore transmission takes place, mutilation and distortion of the signaling impulses being thereby produced. Experience. has proven that these transmitters are objectionable when high speeds are desired dueto the rapidity with which the contact con trolling members must operate since insufficient time is available for bringing the tape controlled members into and out of registry with the perforations in the tape, the tape becomes torn resulting in the transmission of improper signals.

The object of the present invention is the automatic transmission of signaling im- .pulses at high speeds in a simple, reliable and efficient manner and withoutproducing any appreciable mutilation or distortion of the signaling impulses.

The above object is accomplished in the preferred embodiment of the invention by.

arranging a plurality of contact members which move at substantially the same speed as thetape and are selectively movable to engage cooperating contacts in accordance with perforations in the tape to transmit to an associated signaling circuit impulses according to their setting. 1 In order to per-.

mit the transmission of impulses at a considerably higher speed than is capable with transmitters such as the \Vheatstone type, the contact members are set successively in advance of the actual transmission of the impulses to the signaling circuit to permit the contact members to come to rest and to insure that they will'be in engagement with the cooperating contacts during the entire period when transmission of the impulses actually occurs to the signaling circuit.

The invention is illustrated in the accom panying drawings in which Fig. 1 shows a transmitter partly in section embodying features of the present invention. Fig. 2 is Application filed December 1, 1924. SeriaI No 753,025.

a side view looking from the left of Fig. '1. Fig. 3 illustrates schematically the circuit connections of the transmitter. Fig. 4 is a detail View of the mechanism employed for setting thecontact members. Fig. 5 shows the mechanism for restoring the contact operating members.

Referring now to the drawings, fastened to a shaft 5, which is driven continuously by power communicated thereto from a motor 6, is a circular block 7 This block is arranged with suitably spaced slots, which in theprefcrred form of the invention number siXt -'-:lour, in each of which is mounted a U-shaped piece 10. The U-shaped pieces 10 are all held firmly in place by a circular plate 11 which has abead fitting in the notches arranged in the U-shaped pieces 10. Pivotally mounted in the vertical and horizontal portions of the U-shaped members 10 are two levers 14 and 15. i

Also mounted on the shaft 5 and continuously rotated therewith is a hollow circular drum 17 on the periphery of which are arranged projections 18 which project "through feed holes in a tape table 42 and engage the feed holes in a previously perforated tape 13; Arranged in transverse rows with respect to the projcctionslS are apertures or holes 19 and 20. The drum 17 is open to the right and the ends oft-he levers l-il protrude into the hollow part of the wheel 17 and have round projections 21 which project through the apertures 19 and 520 arranged in the drum 17. Certain ones of lovers 14- engage the holes to the left of the projections 18 while others engage holes to the right.

Also. mounted on the block 7 is a tube 23 of insulating material. Suitably secured to the tube 23 are two continuously conducting rings 24 and 25 each having sixty-four contact screws 26 and 27. Arranged to cooperate with each pair otthe contact screws 26 and 27 is a spring contact member 529 which projects through an aperture in the tube 23 and which is mounted on a bracket 30 also of insulating material. Spring contact member 29 when free will normally rest against contact screw 27. but when levers 14 and 15 are moved to the position shown inFig. 1, spring 38 is under suflicient tension to force spring 29 against contact screw 26. Positioned to the left of the continuous ring 2 1 and secured to the tubingi23 are three segmented rings 32, 34 and 35. Each of these segmented has 32 equally spaced segments, alternate segments of the rings and 34 being connected to ad acent contact members 29 as is more clearly shown in Fig. 3. The contact members 29 are connected with the associated. segments of these rings by means of conducting straps 31.

A notch 37 is arranged in each of the pivoted levers 15 into which the end of the associated lever 14 can slip. In order that these members will be maintained in the position shown a spring 38 is provided individual to each pair of levers. Normally when the tip of lever 14 is in its uppermost position as shown in Fig. 1, there are several forces acting on said lever. Spring 38 tends to rotate lever 15 about its pivot in a counterclockwise direction against the force of spring 29. By ineans of the beveled portion of notch 37 which acts as a am against the corresponding beveled portion of lever 14, thetendency of lever 15 to rotate conn- 1 ter-clockwise as above described overcomes the t'orcecxerted by spring 33 on lever 14 and thus tends.to rotate lever 14 counterclockwise. It is seen therefore that the proper designing of the beveled portions of levers 14 and 15and the proper adjusting of springs 29 and 38 will give the combination of levers 14 and 15 a hair-trigger effect when the right hand end of lever 15 is de pressed by shoe 53 5) as hereinafter described.

\Vhen the machine is rotating and no tape is inserted, the ends of levers will be engaged in succession by the shoe 53 causing each set of levers to assume the position indicatedin Fig. 4. The levers thus continue to rotate with the tips 21 in their uppermost position and contact spring 29 rests against contact screws 2. \Vhen a tape is inserted in the machine. assuming that an unper't'orated portion thereof engages the tip of lever 14, said lever is slight ly and momentarily depressed by the tape. Lever 14 is thus rotated slightly counterclockwise until the beveled portions of levers 14 and 15 engage. Further rotation of lever 14 is accomplished by the camming effect of notch 37 independently of the tape. From this itwill be seen that the tape is required only to furnish enough force to initiate the hair-trigger effect of levers 14 and 15. Thereafter, the lever 15 by means of notch 37 continues the downward movement of the tip of lever 14 which is now completely out of engagement with the tape, but contact spring 29 is maintained in position against contact 26 by means of the locking effect of the levers 14 and 15. Near the end of the cycle of rotation the shoe 63 again engages lever 15 rotating it suflicient ly to allow lever 14 to assume the position indicated at Fig. 4. Accordingly should the tip of lever 14 next engage a perforation in the tape there will be no effect on said lever, and spring 29 will remain in contact with screw 27. u

The selection of the levers 14 is determined by the perforations appearing in the tape 43 which has been previously perforated in accordance with the message desired to be transmitted. This tape may be identically the same as the tape used in present cable transmitters. Not-mall the projections on the levers 14 extend t rough the apertures in the drum 17-but should an unpcrforated area be in line with respect to the projection 21 on the lever 14, this particular lever will be held depressed and the insulated member 39 carried by lever 15 will press against the contact member 29 to cause itsengagement with the corresponding contact screw 26. With the levers in the 1 tip of position shown the spring 38 maintains them in this position. If a perforation appears in the tape the lever 14 after being reset, is maintained in its uppermost position as already described by the spring 38,

levers 14 and 15 in this condition being in.

the position shown in Fig. 4. Correspondingly' contact member 29 is in engagement with contact screw 27. 7

As shown in Fig. 5 one end of each of the pivoted levers 15 projects through a slot 9 in the block 7. Operatively associated with the ends of the levers 15 is a shoe 53. The shoe 53 is secured to the base of the transmitter and is positioned with respect to the levers 15 such that they are engaged imme diately preceding the completion of the cycle of rotation. It will thus be seen that the contact members 29 are set at one point in the cycle of rotation and are not restored until the cycle of rotation has been almost completed, during which period transmission takes place as will be described hereinafter.

The tape 43 is held firmly against the table 42 by means of a pressure roller 44. The pressure roller 44 is secured to an arm which is pivotally mounted on an upright 46 thereby permitting the movement of the pressure roller 44 to allow the insertion of a new tape. The pressure roller 44 has a central groove 46 to permit the free movement of the projections 18 on the drum 17. Arranged on opposite sides of the central groove are similar grooves 48 and 49. These particular grooves are arranged so as to perniit the free movement of the projections 21 carried by the levers 14when a perforation registers with these projections.

Referring now for the. moment to Fig. 3 the continuous rings 24 and 25 are engaged by brushes 54 and 55 respectively. These brushes are stationary while the rings 24 and 25 rotate continuously. Likewise the U segmented rings 32, 34. and 35 are engaged by stationary brushes 58 59 and the latter being connected directly to the cable 66 or other signal circuit. Alsoin engagement with the segments of thesegmented ring 35 are brushes 60 and 62 which are mounted on a movable member 61. The movable member 61 has secured thereto a pointer which cooperates with scale 64. to enable the setting of the member 61 to be quickly ascertained. The brushes 60 and 62 are spaced exactly one segment apart, the former being connected to the brush 59 while the latter is connected directly to ground.

Alternate segments of the segmented ring 35 are connected electrically in groups which with the brushes 60 and. 62 determine the period during which the transmitter is conmembers 29 are held in this position nor mally due to the position assumed by. the pivoted members 14 and 15. Asstated above the projections 21 carried by the pivoted members 14 normally extendthrough apertures appearing in the drum 17 With the contact members 29 in engagement with the contact screws 27, current from the battery 56 is not allowed to flow asis clearly evident from Fig. 3. jHo'wever, should contact member 29 be moved to the left to engage contact screw 26 which would result from an unperforated row of the tape 43 being brought into registry with the projections carried by one of the pivoted members 141, the pivoted member 14 under these conditions would be rotated about its pivot causing the movement of the associated member 15 and in consequence the actuation of the contact member 29 to the left as shown in Fig. 3. It should be noted here that the perforations in the tape 43 are not arranged transversely, therefore adjacent contact members will be operated in opposite directions. In other words when a perforation appears on one side of the feed holes in the tape no perforation will appear opposite thereto and the contact members 29 associated with the pivoted levers 14 and 15will be operatedto engage opposite contacts 26 and 27. With the contact members 29 in this position a circuit is established from ground at brush 58 through the engaged segment of-ring 32, contact 29. contact screw 27, brush 55, battery 56 and brush 54, contact screw 26, contact member 29, segment. of the ring 34, brush 59, brush 60 and the engaged segment of brush 65 to the cable or line 66. The

"condition just described may be one resulting from the presence of a perforation in the tape 43 representinga dash signal. -Similarly with t-hetape 4 3perforated to represent a dot signal which will appear on the opposite side from that of the dash signal,

the contact members 29 and 29 are operated in the reverse direction so that difierentpolarity of current is applied to the line or cable 66. Itshould beborne in mind that the contact members 29 are set in accordance withthe perforations appearing in the tape et3 sometime in advance of the transmission of signaling current impulses representing their setting to the line or cable 66. This particular operation results from the location of brush 65 with respect tothe segments individual to each of the contact members 29. By having the contact members 29 selected some little time before the transmission takes place, all chattering will have disappeared and therefore the signals actually transmitted will be free from distortion so far as the transmitterfitself concerned.

,The commutator comprises the segments arranged as previously described. and is provided with means for varying the length of the impulses transmitted to the line or cable. In other words,t11e commutator is arranged for changing the amount of signal curbing. As previously stated the brushes 60 and 62 are mounted on a mcmber61 with a spacing equal to thelength of one segment. If the brush 60 is so positioned that it will be just engaging a segment 67 at the instant brush 65 is passing upon the next adacent segment, then the cable of line 66 will e connected to the transmitting circuit during the time represented by the rotation of the segmented rings through the distance equal to. the. length of one segment. Duringthis time the grounded brush 62 will not be electrically connected with the cable or line 66. Thus the signal transmitted to the cable is of full length produced by the sctting of the contact members 29.

Now if the position of. the brushes 60 and 62 is shifted by moving the member 61 so that the brush 60 is passing upon segment 68, at the time brush 65 is passingon to the next adjacent segment, thenthc cable 66 will be connected to ground through the brush 62 and the contact members of the transmitter will be disconnected. This last position represents the condition for 100% curbing or 'zero marking and it is obvious that intermediate positions of the brush 60 results in varying the amount of curbing applied to the transmitted signal which is in proportion to the displacement of the brush 60 with respect to thestat-iona'ry brush 65. One of the advantages of employing this particular method ofaltering the curbing is that thedisplacement may be made While the transmitter is in operation. As previ Hit) 

